Defect in immunity leading to tuberculosis infection among children'

[email protected] (CD Network)
January 16, 2017

Mangaluru, Jan 16: Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, led by Dr. Harsha Prasada L, KMC Hospital in association with National institute of Immunohematology , Mumbai and Imagine Institute, Human genetics of infectious disease team at Paris, France have diagnosed that tuberculosis can also be caused among children due to gene defect. Recently KMC Hospital witnessed two rare cases of 2 year and 6 year old children suffering from tuberculosis due to genetic defect in immunity.

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Two year old Shreya (name changed) was brought to the Hospital in a critical condition. She had multiple lymph gland swelling with discharging sinuses and fever. She has had developed lymphadenitis due BCG vaccination and was treated with ant tubercular medicines for 6 months during her first year of life. Few months later the lymph node reappeared with high fever.

Lymph node biopsy showed multiple acid fast bacilli suggestive of tubercular infection. She was diagnosed with Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease (MSMD that is an inherited condition due to defect in T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Patients with MSMD have increased susceptibility to systemic infections with weakly virulent non-tuberculosis mycobacteria including the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strain. These conditions are common in children born to parents who married within the family.

Another 6 year old girl was presented with tubercular infection in brain and in the abdomen along with oral thrush and fungal infection of the nails. She was also found out to have low number of T-lymphocytes which is responsible for body defense against infection. Further tests revealed that she had a rare condition called ROR gamma T mutation. In this condition there is a defect in the body immunity against tubercular infection and Candida.

Speaking on the occasion Dr. Harsha Prasada L, Consultant, Pediatric Hematologist and Oncologist, who looks after children with immunodeficiency at KMC Hospital, said “Children who develop recurrent or multifocal tubercular or atypical mycobacterial infection the primary reason can be immunodeficiency and treatment must be planned accordingly.

Errors in genes weaken child's immunity. Inherited problems with T lymphocytes cause reduced ability to produce interferon gamma in response to mycobacteria and render the patients vulnerable to tubercular infections including live bacilli calmetter-Guerin (BCG) vaccines used to inoculate against tuberculosis.

In these children BCG vaccine can cause severe even fatal illness. He further added, “these above two cases highlight the genetic vulnerability to tuberculosis infection, this means affected children require prolonged treatment, some require preventive treatment, while a few benefit from addition of interferon gamma injections.”

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection spread through inhaling tiny droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person. It mainly affects the lungs, but it can affect any part of the body, including the tummy (abdomen), glands, bones and nervous system.

All though it is a serious condition, but it can be cured if treated with the right antibiotics. Currently around a million children suffer from TB worldwide and that more than 136,000 die each year. Inherited defect in the immunity leading tuberculosis infection is not well known.

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News Network
May 4,2024

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Bengaluru: BJP leader Anantkumar Hegde represented Uttara Kannada Lok Sabha segment in Karnataka for six terms and now gynecologist Anjali Nimbalkar is putting up a spirited fight seeking to turn the tide and "deliver" it for the Congress.

Dr Nimbalkar is taking on former Karnataka Assembly Speaker Vishweshwar Hegde Kageri, who replaced Hegde, in this BJP stronghold.

A former Congress MLA, she lost the Assembly elections from Khanapur in Belagavi district last year.

The 62-year-old Kageri, a six-term MLA and a former minister, was also defeated in the Assembly polls from Sirsi.

"In the past 30 years, the voice of Uttara Kannada was not spoken and not even a single question was asked in the Parliament," Nimbalkar said in an apparent dig at Hegde.

If elected, she said her focus is to address the local issues related to forest dwellers, getting them 'patra' for their own land -- a battle they have been fighting for long.

Also on her priority list is getting a multispecialty hospital in Kumta as per people's demand, generating employment and focusing on tourism for the overall development of Uttara Kannada.

"Issues related to forest dwellers -- they want a 'patra' for their own land -- we will try and put forth these issues in the first session itself and we will see to it that maximum applications which are pending with the Central government get cleared during the first session itself," she said in an interview.

"So, our thing is that at least 50 per cent of the jobs should be given to the local Kannadigas in the Central schemes which are implemented in the district," she said.

Noting that Uttara Kannada has a combination of both beaches and temples, Nimbalkar said the district can be developed internationally in a much higher scale than "what actually Goa or Kerala is".

The Congress candidate is also banking on the five guarantee schemes launched by the Siddaramaiah-led government in Karnataka and the promises made by party in its manifesto at the national level.

Responding to a question, she expressed happiness that the Congress has fielded a total of six women candidates out of 28 Lok Sabha constituencies in Karnataka.

While campaigning, Nimbalkar said she was overwhelmed to see a large number of people, especially women, turning up for her rallies despite the intense heat in Uttara Kannada.

"They are very happy that the Congress has given a woman candidate and an educated candidate who herself is a doctor and a gynecologist. So they are excited that, yes, she can be our voice in the Parliament who can fight for our rights," the 47-year-old said.

"I have worked as an MLA (Khanapur), so they have seen my work in the Assembly and the expectations are like, yes, she will be the one who will be speaking for us and that faith is seen in their eyes," she said.

Nimbalkar strongly believes that when women enter any field, it brings a different perspective - be it in terms of management, policy formulation or even as homemakers.

Uttara Kannada is among the 14 constituencies going for polls in Karnataka under second phase on May 7.

Karnataka has 28 Lok Sabha seats and the first phase of polling was held on April 26.

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News Network
May 10,2024

Mangaluru: A teenage boy from a remote village in Dakshina Kannada district, who was undergoing treatment for stomach pain for past few days, breathed his last after hospitalization. 

The deceased has been identified as Nithin Kumar, 19, who had completed PUC and was attending computer classes. 

According to police, on May 4, when he informed his family that he had been suffering from a stomach-ache for the past 4-5 days, his family members took him to a clinic in Kaniyoor.

The doctors who examined him advised him to undergo scanning. He was informed about a kidney stone and later, they returned home. That same night, he suffered from stomach-ache again and was rushed to a private hospital in Puttur.

On May 7, as per doctors’ advice, he was discharged around 12:45pm. However, when he came home around 2:30pm, he again suffered from stomach-ache and was taken to another private hospital in Puttur, where doctors conducted a surgery.

On Wednesday, as per doctors’ advice, he was asked to be shifted to Mangaluru for better treatment.

He visited a private hospital in Derakatte, where doctors suggested that he be shifted to government Wenlock Hospital.

The doctors who examined him at the Wenlock Hospital declared him dead. A case has been registered at the Bellare police station, and an investigation is on.

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News Network
May 12,2024

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Mangaluru: A native of Kerala was arrested on charge of misbehaving with crew on an Air India Express flight while travelling from Dubai to Mangaluru International Airport. The man even threatened to jump from the aircraft, according to officials. 

Siddartha Das, the security coordinator for Air India Express, lodged a complaint against the passenger, identified as Muhammad BC from Kannur, Kerala, after which he was caught by the airport security once the flight landed at Mangaluru. He was later handed over to the police.

DCP (Law and Order) Sidharth Goyal said the incident occurred on Flight IX814 on May 8.

When the flight was above the sea, Muhammad reportedly said he wanted to get off the plane, posing a threat to all on board. The unruly flyer was detained by airport security once the flight landed at Mangaluru International Airport and he was handed over to Bajpe police station officials.

Sources added once the flight took off from Dubai, the accused went to the lavatory and thereafter started inquiring with the cabin crew about a person named Krishna who was not on the flight. Muhammad kept on pressing the bell for in-flight assistance, even though the cabin crew members were near at hand. He then picked up a life jacket, gave it to a crew member, and said he wanted to use it upon landing.

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