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Warehouses handle a wide range of goods every day. Each product type needs the right handling and the right system. This is why racking and storage decisions shape warehouse design and performance. The nature of the load determines how goods are received, checked, moved, and stored. It also influences order picking and dispatch. When the team understands the load type, they can plan efficient operations. Better planning helps reduce waste and improve safety. Modern systems utilise automation and engineered layouts to facilitate faster and more efficient movement of goods.

What is a Unit Load?

A unit load is a group of products placed on a stable support. The support can be a pallet, box or container. The aim is to reduce handling time. It allows goods to move as a single group. This keeps storage simple and protects the products.

Types of Load by Recording Method:

General Load

These goods need individual packaging. Some units can be moved one at a time. Others are grouped on pallets or in containers. Their quantity is recorded as units.

Bulk Load

Bulk loads do not use small packaging. They move directly inside tanks, silos or special containers. Liquids and gases fall into this group. They are measured by mass and volume.

Types of Load by Volume:

Small Loads

These goods are light and easy to hold. Items like food packs or small cartons belong here.

Medium Loads

These weigh up to 10 kg. They are still easy to handle by hand. Both small and medium loads fit well in picking systems. Long-span shelving and carton flow racks are suitable for these loads. These systems offer easy access and steady movement.

Large or Pallet Loads

These goods need pallets for support. Forklifts or stackers handle them. They are suitable for selective pallet racks, double-deep racks, shuttle racks, and other high-density storage systems. The choice depends on access needs and available warehouse space.

Bulky Loads

These goods are large and hard to stack. Appliances and steel beams fall into this group. Cantilever racking is ideal for such items.

Special Size Loads

These loads are extremely large and heavy. They need special transport and support vehicles.

Types of Load by Weight:

●    Light loads under 5 kg
●    Medium loads between 5 and 25 kg
●    Heavy loads between 25 kg and one tonne
●    Very heavy loads above one tonne

Each weight category needs a suitable handling plan. Safety becomes more important as weight increases.

Types of Load by Useful Life:

Perishable Loads

These products have expiry dates. They need fast movement. Stock rotation is important. Cold storage and controlled environments protect these goods.

Non-Perishable Loads

These items do not depend on expiry dates. They allow flexible storage and handling.

Types of Load by Resistance:

Resistant Loads

These goods can support weight on top. They allow stacking.

Light Loads

These can be stacked with limits. They need clear rules to avoid damage.

Fragile Loads

These loads need gentle handling. They cannot be stacked. They must be stored on shelves that offer individual support.

Types of Load by Dangerous Property:

Dangerous goods need special rules. They include gases, explosives, flammable liquids and corrosive substances. Each class requires a safe storage plan. Racks must allow ventilation, stability and easy access for trained staff.

Types of Load by Batch

Some products move as single units. Others move in packs with many units. Batch size depends on the product type.

Choosing the Right Storage Method

Load type controls the layout and equipment used. A well-designed warehouse creates a smooth workflow. This reduces time and cost.

Storage for Small and Medium Loads

Shelving systems give direct access. Carton flow racks work well for fast-moving goods. They reduce walking time and save effort.

Storage for Pallet Loads

Selective pallet racking offers direct access. It suits operations with many item types. Drive-in and shuttle racks are ideal for bulk storage. They save space and increase density. Very narrow aisle racks maximise height with guided trucks.

Storage for Bulky and Special Loads

Cantilever racking is designed to hold long and heavy items. It keeps aisles clear. Large loads need cranes or special lifting tools.

Storage for Mixed Loads

A flexible system helps when goods vary in size. Many warehouses utilise a mix of pallet racking, shelving and automated zones.

Using Multi-Level Solutions

Large warehouses often use a mezzanine floor to increase space. This converts unused height into new storage areas. It supports light loads, picking zones and packing stations.

Role of Smart Systems and Automation

Automation improves speed and safety. It also reduces damage. Some systems use sensors to monitor movement. Others manage inventory with high accuracy. A crane-based Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) support smooth pallet handling. It reduces manual work and improves order accuracy. Automated systems protect fragile loads and reduce forklift traffic.

Why Load Identification Matters

Knowing the load type helps avoid damage. It also helps in planning safe movement. With correct information, the team can plan for forklifts, conveyors and racks. This reduces risks and improves output.

Conclusion

Every warehouse handles a unique mix of loads. Each type requires the right plan, the right support, and the right movement method. Reliable racking and storage systems protect goods and increase efficiency. They also help teams manage work safely. When storage aligns with product needs, operations run smoothly. Leading companies like the Godrej Enterprises Group offer solutions for a variety of loads. From crane-based pallet ASRS to cantilever racks, these solutions help businesses stay ready for the future. A smart warehouse grows with the business and creates more usable space through simple, well-planned design.

Mangaluru, Nov 28: Karnataka Health Minister and Dakshina Kannada district in-charge minister Dinesh Gundu Rao on Friday handed over Chief Minister Siddaramaiah’s letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, highlighting the severe distress faced by farmers due to crashing crop prices.

PM Modi arrived at the Mangaluru International Airport en route to Udupi, where Gundu Rao welcomed him and submitted the letter. The chief minister’s message stressed that farmers are suffering heavy losses because maize and green gram are being bought far below the Minimum Support Price (MSP). The state urged the Centre to immediately begin procurement at MSP.

According to the letter, Karnataka has a bumper harvest this year—over 54.74 lakh metric tons of maize and 1.98 lakh metric tons of green gram—yet farmers are unable to secure fair prices. Against the MSP of ₹2,400/MT for maize and ₹8,768/MT for green gram, market rates have plunged to ₹1,600–₹1,800 and ₹5,400 respectively.

The chief minister has requested the Centre to:

• Direct NAFED, FCI and NCCF to start MSP procurement immediately.
• Ensure ethanol units purchase maize directly from farmers or FPOs.
• Increase Karnataka’s ethanol allocation, citing high production capacity.
• Stop maize imports, which have depressed domestic prices.
• Relax quality norms for green gram, allowing up to 10% discoloration due to rains.

The letter stresses that MSP is crucial for farmer dignity and income stability and calls for swift central intervention to prevent a deepening crisis.

Udupi, Dec 1: A horrific case of alleged rape has unfolded in Udupi, where a worker from a Hindutva organisation, previously arrested and released on bail for harassing a young woman, is now accused of waylaying and sexually assaulting her.

The arrested individual has been identified as Pradeep Poojary (26), a member of the Hindu Jagarana Vedike's Nairkode unit in Perdur.

Poojary had allegedly been relentlessly harassing the young woman, pressuring her to marry him. When she bravely stood up to him and refused his demands, she filed a formal complaint at the Hiriyadka police station. He was subsequently arrested in that initial harassment case but was later granted bail.

According to police reports, driven by the same malicious grudge, Poojary allegedly intercepted the woman again on November 29. While she was walking through a deserted area, the accused is claimed to have threatened her by grabbing her neck. When she again refused to marry him, he allegedly proceeded to rape her.

The survivor immediately informed her family about the traumatic assault. Following this, her parents lodged a complaint at the Udupi women’s police station.

Police arrested Poojary again and produced him before the court. He has since been remanded to judicial custody.